1、#!/usr/bin/env python这个比#!/usr/bin/python要好,因为python命令的路径不一定是在/usr/bin目录下面,所以用#!/usr/bin/env python根据系统的环境变量去找。
2、# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-这条命令是先搞python解释器,用什么编码来执行源码,当然你程序也要保存为utf-8无bom格式啊。
3、python 2里的raw_input和python3里的input是一样的,python2里的input一般不用,它是让你输入变量名,而且你这个变量名要事先定义,不然会报错,所以在python2里一般不使用input。
让用户输入内容,但输出的内容都是字符串,假设你输入的是数字的话,想要让其变成int类型的话,可以用int(input(“pls you old year:”)),转换,查看类型type(变量)
4、for 和 while循环都可以使用else,shell至少是没有这样的,如果for下面有break结束循环,那么else后面的语句是不会执行的,只有for条件不满足的时候,会跳到下面执行else语句;遇到continue的时候是跳本次循环,进行下一次,也就是continue之下的语句都没有执行了。
5、for i in range(1,10,2)==》(起始,结束,步长)
分支与循环举例:
1、if分支,猜数字
number = 23
guess = int(input('Enter an integer: '))
if guess == number:
print('Congratulations,you guessed it.')
print('(but you do not win any prizes!)')
elif guess < number:
print('No,it is a little highter thant that')
else:
print('No,it is a little lower than that')
print('Done')
2、while循环
number = 23
running = True
while running:
guess = int(input('Enter an integer:'))
if guess == number:
print('Congratulations,you guessed it.')
running = False
elif guess < number:
print('No,it is a little lower than that.')
else:
print('NO,it is a little higher than that.')
else:
#while循环可以使用else语句,很奇怪。
print('The while loop is over.')
print('Done')
i = 1
while i<10:
print('the number is ',i)
i +=1
print('Over')
#for ...in循环也可以用else,
#for i in rang(1,5):
#print(i)
#else:
#print('Over')
for j in range(1,13,2):
print(j)
guess高兴玩:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- conding: utf-8 -*-
# Author:Sacus
age_of_jim = 18
i = 0
while i < 3:
age = int(input("pls guess age:"))
if age_of_jim == age:
print("you got it ,great!!!")
break
elif age_of_jim > age:
print("think bigger!")
else:
print("think smaller")
i += 1
if i == 3:
continue_confirm = input("Do you want to keep guessing ? ")
if continue_confirm != 'n':
i = 0
else:
print("you have tried too many times,fuck off!!!")
3、for循环:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- conding: utf-8 -*-
# Author:Sacus
for i in range(0,10):
if i < 5 :
print("loop",i)
else:
continue
print("hehe...")
for i in range(10):
print("-------",i)
for j in range(10):
print(j*i)
if j > 5:
break
原文链接:Python基础(if,while,for),转载请注明来源!